PARASITIC SUCCESS AND VENOM COMPOSITION EVOLVE UPON SPECIALIZATION OF PARASITOID WASPS TO DIFFERENT HOST SPECIES

Parasitic success and venom composition evolve upon specialization of parasitoid wasps to different host species

Female endoparasitoid wasps usually inject venom into hosts to suppress their immune response and ensure offspring development.However, the parasitoids ability to evolve towards increased success on a given host simultaneously with the evolution of the composition of its venom has never been demonstrated.Here, we designed an experimental evolution

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Application of Two Kinds of Automatic Nucleic Acid Purifiers

Objective To investigate the effect of automatic nucleic acid purifiers QIAsymphony SP and QIAcube in the DNA extraction of samples of trace amount or mixed with inhibitors.Methods Different kinds of purification methods using QIAsymphony SP and QIAcube were applied to extract swabs which contained 30, 100, 150 and 300 cells and other samples which

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ILLICIT DRUGS - EXTERNAL SIGNS OF DRUG ADDICTION

Introduction: Heroin is an extremely addictive substance, one of the most commonly abused drug worldwide.The substance derives from opium from the poppy plant before it is refined to morphine, then further chemically modified to become heroin.The different forms of heroin that are sold on the drug market can be smoked, snorted, or injected under th

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Theoretical Orientation of Mental Health Workers in Turkey

The aim of the study is to evaluate the primary theoretical orientation of mental health workers (psychiatrist, psychologist, psychological counselor and social worker) in Turkey.The study was conducted with 133 psychiatrists, 312 psychologists, 430 psychological counselors and 198 social workers, a total 1073 (572 female, 501 male) mental health w

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